Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

A primate city is defined as a city that not only has a larger population than any other city in the country but also possesses a significant degree of economic, political, and cultural influence. This city typically overshadows all other urban areas in its nation, creating a clear hierarchy within the urban system. The characteristic of significantly exceeding the size and influence of the next largest city emphasizes its role as a focal point for services, infrastructure, and decision-making processes.

For example, countries like France with Paris, and Thailand with Bangkok illustrate how a primate city can dominate both in terms of population and in providing essential services and cultural resources that benefit the entire country. The prominence of a primate city often leads to a concentration of resources and opportunities, which can impact migration patterns, economic development, and social dynamics within the nation. This hierarchical structure is what underscores the distinctiveness of a primate city compared to other urban centers.